C# Tutorial (Chapter - 1) Introduction about C# and .Net framework(1 :- .Net Plateform)

I :-.Net Plateform :-

The Microsoft® .NET platform provides all of the tools and technologies that
you need to build distributed Web applications. It exposes a languageindependent,
consistent programming model across all tiers of an application
while providing seamless interoperability with, and easy migration from,
existing technologies. The .NET platform fully supports the Internet’s platformneutral, standards-based technologies, including HTTP, Extensible Markup
Language (XML), and Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP).

II :-The .NET Building Block Services :-

The .Net building block services are distributed programmable services that are availaible in both offline and online.A service can be invoked on stand alone computer not connected to the internet,provided by the server which is running inside from the company oer accessed by internet, This service can be used from the plateform which supports SOAP.Services include identity, notification and messaging,
personalization, schematized storage, calendar, directory, search, and software
delivery.

III :-The .NET Enterprise Servers :-
1: Microft Sql server - 2000
2: Microsoft Biztalk sever - 2000
3: Microsoft Host integration server - 2000
4: Microsoft Exchange 2000 Enterprise server
5: Microst Application center - 2000
6: Microsoft Internet security server - 2000

Microsoft Sql server - 2000 :- Supports XML functionality, support for Worldwide Web Consortium (W3C) standards, manipulate XML data by using Transact SQL (T-SQL), flexible Web-based analysis, and secure access to your data over the Web by using HTTP.

Microsoft Internet security server - 2000 :- Provides secure, fast, and manageable Internet connectivity. Internet Security and multilayer enterprise firewall and a scalable high-performance Web cache. It builds on Windows 2000 security.

Microst Application center - 2000 :- Provides a deployment and management tool for high-availability Web applications.

Microsoft Exchange 2000 Enterprise server :- Builds on the powerful Exchange messaging and collaboration technology by ntroducing new features, and further increasing the reliability,scalability, and performance of its core architecture.

Microsoft Biztalk sever - 2000 :- Provides enterprise application integration (EAI), business-to-business integration and to build dynamic business processes,the span applications and plate forms.

Microsoft Host integration server - 2000 Provides the best way to embrace Internet, intranet, and client/server technologies.

IV :-The .NET Framework Components :-
1:-Common Language Runtime
2:- Base Class Library
3:- ADO.NET: Data and XML
4:- Web Forms and Services
5:- User Interface

CLR(Comman Language Runtime) :- Central to the .NET framework is its run-time execution environment, known as the Common Language Runtime (CLR) or the .NET runtime. Code running under the control of the CLR is often termed
managed code.However, before it can be executed by the CLR, any sourcecode that we develop (in C# or some other language) needs to be compiled. Compilation occurs in two steps in .NET:
1. Compilation of source code to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MS-IL)
2. Compilation of IL to platform-specific code by the CLR

Components of CLR :-
1 :-Class loader : Manages metadata, as well as the loading and layout of classes.
ClassLoader classLoader = TestClass.getClassLoader();
URL url = cl.getResource("someFileName");
2 :-Garbage collector (GC) :-The garbage collector is .NET's answer to memory management,Having the application code responsible for de-allocating memory is the technique used by lower-level,high-performance languages such as C++. It is efficient, and it has the advantage that (in general)resources are never occupied for longer than unnecessary. The big disadvantage, however, is the frequency of bugs. Code that requests memory also should explicitly inform the system when it no longer requires that memory. However, it is easy to overlook this, resulting in memory leaks.Provides automatic lifetime management of all of your objects. This is a multiprocessor, scalable garbage collector.
3 :-Security engine :-It based on the origin of the code.
4 :-Debug engine :- Debug your program and trace the execution of code.
5:-Code manager :-Manages the code execution.
6 :-Exception manager :- It provides structured exception management,which is integrated with Windows Structured Exception Handling (SEH),provides all the system exception classes.
7 :-Thread support :-Supports multi threaded programming.
8 :-COM :-Provides Interoperability class and marshalling to and from COM.
9 :-Type checker :-This will not allow unsafe typecasting and uninitialized variables Il verifies guaranteed type safety.
10 :-Microsoft intermediate language :-Converts MSIL to native code.
11 :- Base Class Library :- Executes run time.

2:-Base Class library :- This library contains namespaces like header files in C,C++,It expose features at run time and provide some high services.
I am mentioning namespace and about their services :-

System.Collections :- You can see all the interfaces and classes included in this namespace from below link :-
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.collections.generic.aspx