Differences between Connected and disconnected architecture ?

Hii friends,Today one of my frend ask about what approach is better connected or disconnected architecture ..So let me explain more about this problem :-

As the nature of HTTP protocol,.Net web applications are always disconnected so your problem is about connected or disconnected data models.

"connected" data is always faster as compare to "disconnected" because of the internal optimizations provided by the data provider,data adopters and others like data tables but always remeber that fetch out the data when you need so disconnected data model is good.

Connected :-
**User can get the data from database in connection state using data reader,adaptor,data table.1 :- Using this communication will possible in between the front end & backend (UI and database).
2 :- This command object have some parameters and have some methods to execute stored procedure ExecuteNonQuery(),ExecuteReader(),ExecuteScalar(),
ExecuteXMLReader()
ExecuteNonQuery :- For executing DML statements.
ExecuteReader :- This method returns DataReader.
ExecuteScalar :- This method is used for executing those SQL statements which generates single value.
ExecuteXMLReader :- This method is mainly used for reading an XML file content.

Disconnected :-
** User can get the data from database in connectionless state using data set.

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What do you meant by Containment in C#?

Containment is the replacement of inheritence,no no if inheritance isn’t the right choice,then the answer is containment, also known as aggregation. Rather than saying that an object is an example of another object, an instance of that other object will be contained inside the object. So,instead of having a class look like a string, the class will contain a string (or array, or hash table).
The default design choice should be containment, and you should switch to inheritance only if needed(i.e., if there really is an “is-a” relationship).

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How to handle generic errors in WinApp using C# ?

Pass your exception or error through catch block to this method this will catch your error and show the messagebox regarding that error.

Method which take error exception as a parameter and handle that error.
public static void LogError(Exception ex)
{
string sourceName = "Application Name";
int errorCode = "99";
string message = "The application encountered an unknown error:";
msg += "\r\nExecuting Method: " + new System.Diagnostics.StackFrame(1, false).GetMethod().Name;
message += "\r\nError Message: " + ex.Message;

EventLog.WriteEntry(sourceName , msg, EventLogEntryType.Error, errorCode );
MessageBox.Show(msg, "ERROR", MessageBoxButtons.OKCancel, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
}

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What is interface and why we implement interfaces ?

Interface defined by using interface keyword .In visualstudio you can directly add class as a interface its not a class it behaves as a template of the class. Interfaces describe a group of related functionalities that can belong to any class or struct.Interfaces are provided in C# as a replacement of multiple inheritance because C# does not support multiple inheritance and it's very necessary to inherit the behaviour of one or more classes.classes can only implement the methods defined in the interface because in C#, an interface is a built-in keyword that declares a reference type that includes method declarations. if a base class implements an interface, the derived class inherits that implementation.

I am giving an example to better understand :-
Interface which contains profile name strings
public interface IProfile
{
string FirstName {get;}
string LastName {get;}
}
Implements IloggedUser interface.
public interface ILoggedUser
{
IProfile Profile
{
get;
set;
}
}
Class LoggedUser which implements ILoggedUser interface.
public class LoggedUser : ILoggedUser
{
protected IProfile _profile = null;
Constructor
public LoggedUser(IProfile Profile)
{
_profile=Profile;
}

public static LoggedUser Create(IProfile Profile)
{
LoggedUser User = new LoggedUser(Profile);
return User;
}
public IProfile Profile
{
get
{
if (_profile== null)
{
return _profile;
}
}
set
{
_profile=value;
}
}
}
Class profile which implements IProfile interface.
public class Profile : IProfile
{
string _firstName = string.Empty;
string _lastName = string.Empty;
public string FirstName
{
get
{
return _firstName;
}
}
public string LastName
{
get
{
return _lastName;
}
}
}

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How to combine two images into one image in C#?

using System.Drawing;

public static System.Drawing.Bitmap Combine(string[] files)
{
Create a list for images and read images
List images = new List();
Bitmap finalImage = null;

try
{
int width = 0;
int height = 0;

foreach (string image in files)
{
create a Bitmap from the file and add it to the list. Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(image);

Update the size of the final bitmap.
width += bitmap.Width;
if(bitmap.Height > height )
{
height = bitmap.Height ;
}
else
{
height = height ;
}
images.Add(bitmap);
}

create a bitmap to hold the combined image.
finalImage = new Bitmap(width, height);

Get a graphics object from the image so we can draw on it.
using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(finalImage))
{
set background color.
g.Clear(Color.Black);

Go through each image and draw it on the final image.
int offset = 0;
foreach (Bitmap image in images)
{
g.DrawImage(image,
new System.Drawing.Rectangle(offset, 0, image.Width, image.Height));
offset += image.Width;
}
}

return finalImage;
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
if (finalImage != null)
{
finalImage.Dispose();
}

throw ex;
}
finally
{
//clean up memory
foreach (Bitmap image in images)
{
image.Dispose();
}
}
}

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Location of opening of dialog boxes(window form) in C#

In my application i used some dialog boxes like about of company some customize message boxes and all that in some dialog boxes I used start position as Center parent but i forget to pass the IWin32Window Owner in show dialog as a parameter regarding that when focus is lost from my application then dialog took desktop as a parent and opens in different locations so always pass window owner as a parameter.

About aboutInfo = new About();
aboutInfo .ShowDialog(this);
or,
aboutInfo .ShowDialog(this.toplevelcontrol);

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How to set image resolution and paint it in C# ?

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;

public class Form1 : System.Windows.Forms.Form
{
Constructor.
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
Initialize all the controls.
private void InitializeComponent()
{
this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(5, 13);
this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(292, 273);
this.Text = "";
this.Resize += new System.EventHandler(this.Form1_Resize);
this.Paint += new System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventHandler(this.Form1_Paint);

}
Main method(Entry point).
public static void Main()
{
Application.Run(new Form1());
}
Handles the paint event.Create the grapics for the image,then set the resolution and then draw the image.
private void Form1_Paint(object sender, System.Windows.Forms.PaintEventArgs e)
{
Graphics g = e.Graphics;
Bitmap bmp = new Bitmap("winter.jpg");

g.FillRectangle(Brushes.White, this.ClientRectangle);
bmp.SetResolution(600f, 600f);
g.DrawImage(bmp, 0, 0);
bmp.SetResolution(1200f, 1200f);
g.DrawImage(bmp, 180, 0);
}
Handles the resize event.
private void Form1_Resize(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
Invalidate();
}
}

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More Regular Expressions

To validate a URL with a regular expression :-
(http://|ftp://)([\w-\.)(\.)([a-zA-Z]+)

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C# Tutorial (Chapter - 1) Introduction about C# and .Net framework(1 :- .Net Plateform)

I :-.Net Plateform :-

The Microsoft® .NET platform provides all of the tools and technologies that
you need to build distributed Web applications. It exposes a languageindependent,
consistent programming model across all tiers of an application
while providing seamless interoperability with, and easy migration from,
existing technologies. The .NET platform fully supports the Internet’s platformneutral, standards-based technologies, including HTTP, Extensible Markup
Language (XML), and Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP).

II :-The .NET Building Block Services :-

The .Net building block services are distributed programmable services that are availaible in both offline and online.A service can be invoked on stand alone computer not connected to the internet,provided by the server which is running inside from the company oer accessed by internet, This service can be used from the plateform which supports SOAP.Services include identity, notification and messaging,
personalization, schematized storage, calendar, directory, search, and software
delivery.

III :-The .NET Enterprise Servers :-
1: Microft Sql server - 2000
2: Microsoft Biztalk sever - 2000
3: Microsoft Host integration server - 2000
4: Microsoft Exchange 2000 Enterprise server
5: Microst Application center - 2000
6: Microsoft Internet security server - 2000

Microsoft Sql server - 2000 :- Supports XML functionality, support for Worldwide Web Consortium (W3C) standards, manipulate XML data by using Transact SQL (T-SQL), flexible Web-based analysis, and secure access to your data over the Web by using HTTP.

Microsoft Internet security server - 2000 :- Provides secure, fast, and manageable Internet connectivity. Internet Security and multilayer enterprise firewall and a scalable high-performance Web cache. It builds on Windows 2000 security.

Microst Application center - 2000 :- Provides a deployment and management tool for high-availability Web applications.

Microsoft Exchange 2000 Enterprise server :- Builds on the powerful Exchange messaging and collaboration technology by ntroducing new features, and further increasing the reliability,scalability, and performance of its core architecture.

Microsoft Biztalk sever - 2000 :- Provides enterprise application integration (EAI), business-to-business integration and to build dynamic business processes,the span applications and plate forms.

Microsoft Host integration server - 2000 Provides the best way to embrace Internet, intranet, and client/server technologies.

IV :-The .NET Framework Components :-
1:-Common Language Runtime
2:- Base Class Library
3:- ADO.NET: Data and XML
4:- Web Forms and Services
5:- User Interface

CLR(Comman Language Runtime) :- Central to the .NET framework is its run-time execution environment, known as the Common Language Runtime (CLR) or the .NET runtime. Code running under the control of the CLR is often termed
managed code.However, before it can be executed by the CLR, any sourcecode that we develop (in C# or some other language) needs to be compiled. Compilation occurs in two steps in .NET:
1. Compilation of source code to Microsoft Intermediate Language (MS-IL)
2. Compilation of IL to platform-specific code by the CLR

Components of CLR :-
1 :-Class loader : Manages metadata, as well as the loading and layout of classes.
ClassLoader classLoader = TestClass.getClassLoader();
URL url = cl.getResource("someFileName");
2 :-Garbage collector (GC) :-The garbage collector is .NET's answer to memory management,Having the application code responsible for de-allocating memory is the technique used by lower-level,high-performance languages such as C++. It is efficient, and it has the advantage that (in general)resources are never occupied for longer than unnecessary. The big disadvantage, however, is the frequency of bugs. Code that requests memory also should explicitly inform the system when it no longer requires that memory. However, it is easy to overlook this, resulting in memory leaks.Provides automatic lifetime management of all of your objects. This is a multiprocessor, scalable garbage collector.
3 :-Security engine :-It based on the origin of the code.
4 :-Debug engine :- Debug your program and trace the execution of code.
5:-Code manager :-Manages the code execution.
6 :-Exception manager :- It provides structured exception management,which is integrated with Windows Structured Exception Handling (SEH),provides all the system exception classes.
7 :-Thread support :-Supports multi threaded programming.
8 :-COM :-Provides Interoperability class and marshalling to and from COM.
9 :-Type checker :-This will not allow unsafe typecasting and uninitialized variables Il verifies guaranteed type safety.
10 :-Microsoft intermediate language :-Converts MSIL to native code.
11 :- Base Class Library :- Executes run time.

2:-Base Class library :- This library contains namespaces like header files in C,C++,It expose features at run time and provide some high services.
I am mentioning namespace and about their services :-

System.Collections :- You can see all the interfaces and classes included in this namespace from below link :-
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.collections.generic.aspx

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C# Tutorials

Hello to all, My next thread is about C#,In my next thread i will divide the C# thread into chapters each chapter will contain all the details about C# and .Net framework its a step by step process so go through to all the thread and please post a comment or email me at saurabhjnumca@gmail.com about this thread please give critics about this thread.If you will study the coming thread then you will able to explain about .net and you can easily code in C# .

Regards,
Saurabh Singh

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How to create a session manager in .Net ?

To create a SessionManager to save User objects in memory. It would be HashMap of HaspMaps.
It can be used as:

SessionManager MySessionManager= New SessionManager()
Student S1 = New Student ("Saurabh");
Student S2 = New Student ("Sandeep");
Student S3 = New Student ("Deepak");

//To create session
MySessionManager.createSession(S1);
MySessionManager.createSession(S2);
//SAVING S1 MARKS
Marks phyMarks = New Marks ("Physcis", 90);
MySessionManager.Save(S1, "Physics", phyisicsMarks); //Physics is the key
Marks chemMarks New Marks("Chemistry",85);
MySessionManager.Save(S1, "Chemistry",chemistryMarks);
Marks mathsmarks = New Marks("Mathematics",100);
MySessionManager.Save(S1, "Mathematics" ,mathsMarks);

//SAVING S2 MARKS
Marks phyMarks = New Marks ("Physcis", 90);
MySessionManager.Save(S2, "Physics", phyMarks); //Physics is the key
Marks chemMarks New Marks("Chemistry",85)
MySessionManager.Save(S2, "Chemistry",chemMarks);
Marks mathsmarks = New Marks("Mathematics",100);
MySessionManager.Save(S2, "Mathematics" ,mathsMarks);

//SAVING S3 MARKS. NOTE: SESSION OF S3 IS NOT AVAILABLE. SO FIRST SESSION OF
S3 SHOULD BE CREATED AND THEN DATA SHOULD BE SAVED
Marks phyMarks = New Marks ("Physcis", 90);
MySessionManager.Save(S3, "Physics", phyMarks); //”Physics” is the key
Marks chemMarks New Marks("Chemistry",85);
MySessionManager.Save(S3, "Chemistry",chemMarks);
Marks mathsmarks = New Marks("Mathematics",100);
MySessionManager.Save(S3, "Mathematics" ,mathsMarks);

///How to retrieve data
Out.Print ("Phyiscis Marks of S1," & MySessionManager.get(S1, "Physics").marks);
Out.Print ("Phyiscis Marks of S3," & MySessionManager.get(S1, "chemistry").marks);

IN REAL WORLD SCENARIO, S1, S2, S3 SHOULD NOT BE PASSED TO
MYSESSIONMANAGER. THEY WOULD BE OBTAINED FROM CONTEXT.

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Tech-Giant(Jargons.. for Professionals): How to take Screenshot of panel,control and save it in a JPG format ?

Tech-Giant(Jargons.. for Professionals): How to take Screenshot of panel,control and save it in a JPG format ?

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How to take Screenshot of panel,control and save it in a JPG format ?

You can create a bitmap of screen and then save it give the stream or fileName and then dispose the object of screenshot.

Bitmap theScreenShot = new Bitmap(Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Width,
Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Height, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
theScreenShot.Save(stream_or_filename, ImageFormat.Jpeg);
theScreenShot.Dispose();

Another way to save the panel as a jpg format and you can take a print of your control using below method.
Use this event on your form :-
_document.PrintPage += new PrintPageEventHandler(document_PrintPage);

/// Prepare the page to be print for the area of the control to be printed.
private void document_PrintPage(object sender, PrintPageEventArgs e)
{
this.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.None;
this.Size = Temp_Image.Size;
//Takes away focus from any printed controls to make sure output is what we want.
this.Focus();
this.Refresh();
this.DrawToBitmap(Temp_Image, New System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, Temp_Image.Width, Temp_Image.Height));
this.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill;
e.Graphics.DrawImage(Temp_Image, e.MarginBounds);
e.Graphics.Clip = new Region(e.MarginBounds);
}
By this method you can print your control you just pass the object of your control (control will be panel,treeView,listView)and this will calculate the height ,width and then call the print method ,print preview or save as jpg file.

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Order of Event firing in ASP.Net

Event firing order becomes critically important when you add event handling code to master pages and the content forms based on them. The following events occur when ASP.NET renders a page. I’ve listed these events in the order in which they occur.

1 :-Content Page Pre Initializes
2 :-Master Page Child Controls Initialize
3 :-Content Page Child Controls Initialize
4 :-Master Page Initializes
5 :-Content Page Initializes
6 :-Content Page Initialize Complete
7 :-Content Page Pre Loads
8 :-Content Page Loads
9 :-Master Page Loads
10 :-Master Page Child Controls Load
11 :-Content Page Child Controls Load
12 :-Content Page Load Complete

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Lambda Expressions in C#

Lambda expressions makes the searching life much easier.Have a look on this example :-

public class TestLambdaProgram
{
public static void Main( string[] args )
{
List names = new List();

names.Add(“Saurabh”);
names.Add("Garima");
names.Add(“Vivek”);
names.Add(“Sandeep”);

string stringResult = names.Find( name => name.Equals(“Garima”));
}

You can print the whole list using this method :-

new List(names ).foreach(name => Console.WriteLine(name));

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Basics of .Net (What is IL,CLR,CTS,CLS ?)

1: IL(Intermediate Language) :-(IL)Intermediate Language is also known as MSIL (Microsoft Intermediate Language) or CIL (Common Intermediate Language). All .NET source code is compiled to IL. This IL is then converted to machine code at the point where the software is installed, or at run-time by a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler. Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) is a language used as the output of a number of compilers (C#, VB, .NET, and so forth). The ILDasm (Intermediate Language Disassembler) program that ships with the .NET Framework SDK (FrameworkSDK\Bin\ildasm.exe) allows the user to see MSIL code in human-readable format. By using this utility, we can open any .NET executable file (EXE or DLL) and see MSIL code.

MSIL commands are as follows:

ldstr string :—loads the string constant onto the stack.
call function(parameters) :—calls the static function. Parameters for the function should be loaded onto the stack before this call.
pop :—pops a value from the stack. Used when we don't need to store a value in the variable.
ret :—returns from a function.
I will discuss about MSIL in my next article.

2 :- CLR(Comman Language Runtime) Full form of CLR is Common Language Runtime and it forms the heart of the .NET framework.It is the implementation of CLI .The core runtime engine in the microsoft .net framework for executing assemblies. All Languages have runtime and its the responsibility of the runtime to take care of the code execution of the program. For example VC++ has MSCRT40.DLL,VB6 has MSVBVM60.DLL, Java has Java Virtual Machine etc. Similarly .NET has CLR. Internet Exlorer is the example of hosting CLR. CLR have following qualities :-

Garbage Collection :- CLR automatically manages memory thus eliminating memory leaks. When objects are not referred GC automatically releases those memories thus providing efficient memory management.

Code Access Security :- CAS grants rights to program depending on the security configuration of the machine. Example the program has rights to edit or create a new file but the security configuration of machine does not allow the program to delete a file. CAS will take care that the code runs under the environment of machines security configuration.

Code Verification :- This ensures proper code execution and type safety while the code runs. It prevents the source code to perform illegal operation such as accessing invalid memory locations etc.

IL( Intermediate language )-to-native translators and optimizer’s :- CLR uses JIT and compiles the IL code to machine code and then executes. CLR also determines depending on platform what is optimized way of running the IL
code.

3 :- CTS(Comman Type System) :- In order that two language communicate smoothly CLR has CTS (Common Type System).Example
in VB you have “Integer” and in C++ you have “long” in c u have "int" these datatypes are not compatible so the interfacing between them is very complicated. In order to able that two different languages can 1. Basic .NET Framework communicate Microsoft introduced Common Type System. So “Integer” datatype in VB6 and
“int” datatype in C++ will convert it to System.int32 which is datatype of CTS. CLS which is covered in the coming question is subset of CTS.

4 :-CLS(Common Language Specification) :- This is a subset of the CTS which all .NET languages are expected to support. It was always a
dream of Microsoft to unite all different languages in to one umbrella and CLS is one step towards that. Microsoft has defined CLS which are nothing but guidelines that language to follow so that it can communicate with other .NET languages in a seamless manner.

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What are different types of JIT ?

In .net there are three type of JIT.JIT compiler is a part of the runtime execution environment.
Three JIT are following :-

Pre-JIT :- Pre-JIT compiles complete source code into native code in a single compilation cycle. This is done at the time of deployment of the application.

Econo-JIT :- Econo-JIT compiles only those methods that are called at runtime. However, these compiled methods are removed when they are not required.

Normal-JIT :- Normal-JIT compiles only those methods that are called at runtime.
These methods are compiled the first time they are called, and then they are stored in cache. When the same methods are called again, the compiled code from cache is
used for execution.

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What is Manifest in .net ?

An assembly manifest contains all the metadata.It means Assembly metadata is stored in Manifest and it needed to specify the assembly's version requirements and security identity, and all metadata needed to define the scope of the assembly and resolve references to resources and classes.Some points are given please go through it :-
1:- The assembly manifest can be stored in either a Portable Executable file an .exe or dll file with Microsoft intermediate language (MSIL) code or in a standalone Portable Executable file that contains only assembly manifest information.

These four items
1 :- assembly name
2 :- version number
3 :- culture
4 :- strong name information
These four make up the assembly's identity.

Assembly name: A string which specifying the assembly's name.

Version number: A major and minor version number, and a revision and build number. The clr uses these numbers to enforce version policy. Versioning concept is only applicable to global assembly cache (GAC) as private assembly lie in
their individual folders.

Culture: Information on the culture or language the assembly supports. This information should be used only to designate an assembly as a satellite assembly containing culture- or language-specific information.

Satellite Assembly :- An assembly with culture information is automatically assumed to be a satellite assembly.

Strong name information: The public key from the publisher if the assembly has been given a strong name.

List of all files in the assembly: A hash of each file contained in the assembly and a file name. Note that all files that make up the assembly must be in the same directory as the file containing the assembly manifest.

Type reference information: Information used by the runtime to map a type reference to the file that contains its declaration and implementation. This is used for types that are exported from the assembly.

Information on referenced assemblies: A list of other assemblies that are statically referenced by the assembly. Each reference includes the dependent assembly's name, assembly metadata (version, culture, operating system, and so on), and public key, if the assembly is strong named.

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How to view a Assembly of your code (What is ILDASM ?)

When it comes to understanding of internals nothing can beat ILDASM. ILDASM basically converts the whole exe or dll in to IL code. To run ILDASM you have to go to "C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\SDK\v2.0\Bin". Note that i had v2.0 you have to probably change it depending on the type of framework version you have.

If you run IDASM.EXE from the path you will be popped with the IDASM exe program as
shown in figure ILDASM. Click on file and browse to the respective directory for the DLL whose assembly you want to view. After you select the DLL you will be popped with a tree view details of the DLL as shown in figure ILDASM. On double clicking on manifest you will be able to view details of assembly, internal IL code etc as shown in Figure Manifest View.

Note : The version number are in the manifest itself which is defined with the DLL or
EXE thus making deployment much easier as compared to COM where the information
was stored in registry. Note the version information in Figure Manifest view.
You can expand the tree for detail information regarding the DLL like methods etc

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How to copy the text from label in window form at run time ?

Designer view:
#region DesignerView
Create a context menu strip :
this.copyPathMenuItem = new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem();
this.labelContextMenuStrip.Items.AddRange(new System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripItem[] {
this.copyPathMenuItem});
this.labelContextMenuStrip.Name = "labelContextMenuStrip";
this.labelContextMenuStrip.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(100, 22);

this.copyPathMenuItem.Name = "copyPathMenuItem";
this.copyPathMenuItem.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(100, 22);

this.lblSelectedNodePath.ContextMenuStrip = this.labelContextMenuStrip;
private System.Windows.Forms.ToolStripMenuItem copyPathMenuItem;
#endregion

Now handles the label events like :-

private void lblSelectedNodePath_MouseUp(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Right)
{
copyPathMenuItem.Visible = true;
copyPathMenuItem.Enabled = true;
}
}

Add an click event :-
copyPathMenuItem.Click += new EventHandler(copyPathMenuItem_Click);

Handles the click event :-

private void copyPathMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string labelPath = lblSelectedNodePath.Text.Trim();
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(labelPath))
{
Clipboard.SetDataObject(labelPath, false);
}
}
Now you can paste your copy text anywhere Enjoy d Code .....

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How can I change the Border color of my control ?

public class MyButton : Button
{
protected override void OnPaint(PaintEventArgs e)
{
base.OnPaint(e);
int borderWidth = 1;
Color borderColor = Color.Blue;
ControlPaint.DrawBorder(e.Graphics, e.ClipRectangle, borderColor,
borderWidth, ButtonBorderStyle.Solid, borderColor, borderWidth,
ButtonBorderStyle.Solid, borderColor, borderWidth, ButtonBorderStyle.Solid,
borderColor, borderWidth, ButtonBorderStyle.Solid);
}
}

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How to change the color of Tab Control in c#

Steps :-
1. Set the TabControl's DrawMode to OwnerDraw.
2. Handle the DrawItem event.
private void ChangeColorOFTabControl(object sender, DrawItemEventArgs e)
{
Font TabFont;
Brush BackBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.Green); //Set background color
Brush ForeBrush = new SolidBrush(Color.Yellow);//Set foreground color
if (e.Index == this.tabControl1.SelectedIndex)
{
TabFont = new Font(e.Font, FontStyle.Italic | FontStyle.Bold);

}
else
{
TabFont = e.Font;
}
string TabName = this.tabControl1.TabPages[e.Index].Text;
StringFormat sf = new StringFormat();
sf.Alignment = StringAlignment.Center;
e.Graphics.FillRectangle(BackBrush, e.Bounds);
Rectangle r = e.Bounds;
r = new Rectangle(r.X, r.Y + 3, r.Width, r.Height - 3);
e.Graphics.DrawString(TabName, TabFont, ForeBrush, r, sf);
//Dispose objects
sf.Dispose();
if (e.Index == this.tabControl1.SelectedIndex)
{
TabFont.Dispose();
BackBrush.Dispose();
}
else
{
BackBrush.Dispose();
ForeBrush.Dispose();
}
}

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How to set dropdown width according to longest string in C#

If you are using window control then use this method.
private void AdjustWidthComboBox_DropDown(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
ComboBox senderComboBox = (ComboBox)sender;
int width = senderComboBox.DropDownWidth;
Graphics g = senderComboBox.CreateGraphics();
Font font = senderComboBox.Font;
int vertScrollBarWidth =
(senderComboBox.Items.Count>senderComboBox.MaxDropDownItems)
?SystemInformation.VerticalScrollBarWidth:0;

int newWidth;
foreach (string s in ((ComboBox)sender).Items)
{
newWidth = (int) g.MeasureString(s, font).Width
+ vertScrollBarWidth;
if (width < newWidth )
{
width = newWidth;
}
}
senderComboBox.DropDownWidth = width;
}

If you are a web developer then :-
Get the length of longest string and pass it in unit.pixel method like this :-
DropDownList1.Width = Unit.Pixel(LengthOfTheLongestString)

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How to get the file size like windows file property control ?

//Create an object of FileInfo like :-
FileInfo fileObject = new FileInfo(selectedFilename);
Int64 fileSize = 0;
float sizeOfFile = 0
fileSize = fileObject.Length;
sizeOfFile = fileObject.Length;
private const int FILESIZE_IN_KB = 1024;
public const int FILESIZE_IN_MB = 1048576;
public const int FILESIZE_IN_GB = 1073741824;
public const long FILESIZE_IN_TB = 1099511627776;
private const int START_INDEX = 0;
private const string STRING_VALUE_ZERO = "0";
private const string STRING_VALUE_ONE = "1";
private const string SYMBOL_BYTES = "bytes";
private const string STRING_FORMAT = "n";
public const string FILESIZE_KB = "KB";
private const int FILE_SIZE_LIMIT = 100;
private const string STRING_FORMAT_UPTO_TWO_DECIMAL = ".00";
private const int FILE_SIZE_IN_BYTES = 102400;
private const int FILE_SIZE_IN_MegaBytes = 104857600;
private const long FILE_SIZE_IN_GIGABYTES = 107374182400;
private const string SYMBOL_SPACE = " ";

string size = FormatSize(fileSize,sizeOFFile);

private string FormatSize(Int64 fileSize, float sizeOFFile)
{
//Format number to KB
string stringSize = string.Empty;
NumberFormatInfo numberFormatInfo = new NumberFormatInfo();

Int64 fileSizeInKB = 0;
Int64 fileSizeInMB = 0;
long fileSizeInGB = 0;
float fileSizeInKBInFloat = 0;
float fileSizeInMBInFloat = 0;
float fileSizeInGBInFloat = 0;
string byteSize = string.Empty;

if (fileSize < FILESIZE_IN_KB)
{
if (fileSize == 0)
{
//zero byte
stringSize = STRING_VALUE_ZERO + SYMBOL_SPACE + SYMBOL_BYTES;
}
else
{
//less than 1K but not zero byte
stringSize = fileSize + SYMBOL_SPACE + SYMBOL_BYTES + SYMBOL_SPACE + SYMBOL_OPENING_BRACE + fileSize + SYMBOL_SPACE + SYMBOL_BYTES + SYMBOL_CLOSING_BRACE;
}
}
else if(fileSize < FILESIZE_IN_MB)
{
if (fileSize < FILE_SIZE_IN_BYTES)
{
fileSizeInKBInFloat = (sizeOFFile / (float)FILESIZE_IN_KB);
}
else
{
//convert to KB
fileSizeInKB = (fileSize / FILESIZE_IN_KB);
}
if (fileSizeInKBInFloat != 0)
{
stringSize = fileSizeInKBInFloat.ToString(STRING_FORMAT, numberFormatInfo);
}
else
{
//format number with default format
stringSize = fileSizeInKB.ToString(STRING_FORMAT, numberFormatInfo);
///If file Size is morethan 100 than replace decimal string to emptyString.
if (fileSizeInKB >= FILE_SIZE_LIMIT)
{
stringSize = stringSize.Replace(STRING_FORMAT_UPTO_TWO_DECIMAL, string.Empty);
}
}
///Sets the byteSize like 12345 into 12,345.
byteSize = fileSize.ToString(STRING_FORMAT, numberFormatInfo);
byteSize = byteSize.Replace(STRING_DECIMAL, string.Empty);
stringSize = stringSize + "KB" + SYMBOL_SPACE + SYMBOL_OPENING_BRACE + byteSize + SYMBOL_SPACE + SYMBOL_BYTES + SYMBOL_CLOSING_BRACE;
}
else if (fileSize < Constants.FILESIZE_IN_GB)
{
if (fileSize < FILE_SIZE_IN_MegaBytes)
{
fileSizeInMBInFloat = (sizeOFFile / (float)FILESIZE_IN_MB);
}
else
{
//convert to KB
fileSizeInMB = (fileSize / FILESIZE_IN_MB);
}
if (fileSizeInMBInFloat != 0)
{
stringSize = fileSizeInMBInFloat.ToString(STRING_FORMAT, numberFormatInfo);
}
else
{
//format number with default format
stringSize = fileSizeInMB.ToString(STRING_FORMAT, numberFormatInfo);

if (fileSizeInMB >= FILE_SIZE_LIMIT)
{
stringSize = stringSize.Replace(STRING_FORMAT_UPTO_TWO_DECIMAL, string.Empty);
}
}

///Sets the byteSize like 12345 into 12,345.
byteSize = fileSize.ToString(STRING_FORMAT, numberFormatInfo);
byteSize = byteSize.Replace(STRING_FORMAT_UPTO_TWO_DECIMAL, string.Empty);

stringSize = stringSize + "MB" + SYMBOL_SPACE + SYMBOL_OPENING_BRACE + byteSize +SYMBOL_SPACE + SYMBOL_BYTES + SYMBOL_CLOSING_BRACE;
}
else if(fileSize < FILESIZE_IN_TB)
{
if (fileSize < FILE_SIZE_IN_GIGABYTES)
{
fileSizeInGBInFloat = (sizeOFFile / (float)FILESIZE_IN_GB);
}
else
{
//convert to KB
fileSizeInGB = (fileSize / FILESIZE_IN_GB);
}
if (fileSizeInGBInFloat != 0)
{
stringSize = fileSizeInGBInFloat.ToString(STRING_FORMAT, numberFormatInfo);
}
else
{
//format number with default format
stringSize = fileSizeInGB.ToString(STRING_FORMAT, numberFormatInfo);

if (fileSizeInGB >= FILE_SIZE_LIMIT)
{
stringSize = stringSize.Replace(STRING_FORMAT_UPTO_TWO_DECIMAL, string.Empty);
}
}

///Sets the byteSize like 12345 into 12,345.
byteSize = fileSize.ToString(STRING_FORMAT, numberFormatInfo);
byteSize = byteSize.Replace(STRING_FORMAT_UPTO_TWO_DECIMAL, string.Empty);
stringSize = stringSize + "GB" + SYMBOL_SPACE + SYMBOL_OPENING_BRACE + byteSize + SYMBOL_SPACE + SYMBOL_BYTES + SYMBOL_CLOSING_BRACE;
}
return stringSize;
}

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Sort ListView on column click (like windows folder detail view in xp)

Step :1 Firstly Create the object of listviewcolumn sorter class.
private ListViewColumnSorter listviewColumnSorter=new ListViewColumnSorter();
Step :2 Set ListViewItemSorter property of listView
listView.ListViewItemSorter = listviewColumnSorter;
Handles columnclick event on your form like the above image.
I am pasting the images of listViewItemSorter class please go through it.This class sort the columns according to image,size,text,alphabet.

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Get AssociatedFileTypes (.txt = TextDocument)

///

/// Get File Type for given file.
///

/// Pass the path of file
///

This method returns Associated file type like :-
.pdf = Adobe Acrobat Document
.txt = Text Document

private string GetAssociatedFileType(string filePath)
{
private const string STRING_SPACE = " ";
string extension = string.Empty;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(filePath))
{
string extension = Path.GetExtension(filePath);
}
RegistryKey key = Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(extension);
while (key != null)
{
string name = (string)key.GetValue(null);
if (name == null)
{
return extension + STRING_SPACE + "File";
}
RegistryKey tempKey = Registry.ClassesRoot.OpenSubKey(name);
if (tempKey == null)
{
return name;
}
key = tempKey;
}
return extension + STRING_SPACE + "File";
}

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File System Watcher in C#(Get notified after any modification)

Drag FileSystemWatcher control in your form from toolbox and add the events for created,deletion and renaming.
Ex:-
#region Designer view

this.fileSystemWatcher.EnableRaisingEvents = true;
this.fileSystemWatcher.IncludeSubdirectories = true;
this.fileSystemWatcher.SynchronizingObject = this;
this.fileSystemWatcher.Created += new System.IO.FileSystemEventHandler(this.fileSystemWatcher_Created);
this.fileSystemWatcher.Deleted += new System.IO.FileSystemEventHandler(this.fileSystemWatcher_Deleted);
this.fileSystemWatcher.Renamed += new System.IO.RenamedEventHandler(this.fileSystemWatcher_Renamed);
public System.IO.FileSystemWatcher fileSystemWatcher;

#endregion
Create three bool variables to set true or false :-
#region Properties
private bool _fileDeleted = false;
private bool _fileRenamed = false;
private bool _fileCreated = false;

public bool FileDeleted
{
set
{
_fileDeleted = value;
}
get
{
return _fileDeleted;
}
}
public bool FileRenamed
{
set
{
_fileRenamed = value;
}
get
{
return _fileRenamed;
}
}
pblic bool FileCreated
{
set
{
_fileCreated = value;
}
get
{
return _fileCreated;
}
}
#endregion

#region EventHandlers

private void fileSystemWatcher_Renamed(object sender, RenamedEventArgs e)
{
_fileRenamed = true;
MessageBox.Show(e.Name + " Renamed in " + e.FullPath);
}
private void fileSystemWatcher_Deleted(object sender, FileSystemEventArgs e)
{
_fileDeleted = true;
MessageBox.Show(e.Name + " Deleted in " + e.FullPath);
}
private void fileSystemWatcher_Created(object sender, FileSystemEventArgs e)
{
_fileCreated = true;
MessageBox.Show(e.Name + " created in " + e.FullPath);
}

#endregion

By this property if you want to check file has been removed ,deleted from physical path then this will be true and you can check like if you have a tree view and you dont want to repopulate your tree view then use filesystemwatcher and repopulate the tree only when files have been changed,delete or rename. or you can throw a messagebox like above.

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String Functionality of C# (Play with strings)

1:- Convert string to LowerCase
public static String Lower(String constantString)
{
return constantString.ToLower();
}
2:-Convert String to UpperCase
public static String Upper(String constantString)
{
return constantString.ToUpper();
}
3:- Convert String to proper case
public static String PCase(String constantString)
{
String strProper=constantString.Substring(0,1).ToUpper();
constantString=constantString.Substring(1).ToLower();
String strPrev=string.Empty;

for(int iIndex=0;iIndex < constantString.Length;iIndex++)
{
if(iIndex > 1)
{
strPrev=constantString.Substring(iIndex-1,1);
}
if( strPrev.Equals(" ") ||
strPrev.Equals("\t") ||
strPrev.Equals("\n") ||
strPrev.Equals("."))
{
strProper+=constantString.Substring(iIndex,1).ToUpper();
}
else
{
strProper+=constantString.Substring(iIndex,1);
}
}
return strProper;
}
4- Function to Reverse the String
public static String Reverse(String constantString)
{
if(constantString.Length==1)
{
return constantString;
}
else
{
return Reverse(constantString.Substring(1)) + constantString.Substring(0,1);
}
}
5- Function to Test for Palindrome
public static bool IsPalindrome(String constantString)
{
int stringLength,halfLength;
stringLength=constantString.Length-1;
halfLength=stringLength/2;
for(int iIndex=0;iIndex<=halfLength;iIndex++)
{
if(constantString.Substring(iIndex,1)!=constantString.Substring(stringLength-iIndex,1))
{
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
6- Function to get string from beginning.
public static String Left(String constantString,int iLength)
{
if(iLength>0)
return constantString.Substring(0,iLength);
else
return constantString;
}
7- Function to get string from end
public static String Right(String constantString,int iLength)
{
if(iLength>0)
return constantString.Substring(constantString.Length-iLength,iLength);
else
return constantString;
}
8:-Function to count no.of occurences of Substring in Main string
public static int CharCount(String sourceString,String stringToCount)
{
int count=0;
int position=sourceString.IndexOf(stringToCount);
while(position!=-1)
{
count++;
strSource=sourceString.Substring(position+1);
position=strSource.IndexOf(stringToCount);
}
return count;
}
9:-Convert arrayList to string[]ArrayList subKeysColletion = new ArrayList();
string[] collectionOfSubkeys = new string[subKeysColletion.Count];
collectionOfSubkeys = subKeysColletion.ToArray(typeof(string)) as string[];

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Create customize OpenFileDialogBox and SaveFileDialogBox using shell

The Open dialog box lets the user specify the drive, directory, and the name of a file or set of files to open.

The Save As dialog box lets the user specify the drive, directory, and name of a file to save.

Explorer-style Open and Save As dialog boxes provide user-interface features that are similar to the Microsoft Windows Explorer. However, the system continues to support old-style Open and Save As dialog boxes for applications that must be consistent with the old-style user interface.

In addition to the difference in appearance, the Explorer-style and old-style dialog boxes differ in their use of custom templates and hook procedures for customizing the dialog boxes. However, the Explorer-style and old-style dialog boxes have the same behavior for most basic operations, such as specifying a file name filter, validating the user's input, and getting the file name specified by the user. For more information about the Explorer-style and old-style dialog boxes, Check out in the given images.

For more information check out MSDN link :---
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms646960(VS.85).aspx

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Get CSIDL Code (System Index of Directories)

const int CSIDL_DESKTOP = 0x0000; //
const int CSIDL_INTERNET = 0x0001; // Internet Explorer (icon on desktop)
const int CSIDL_PROGRAMS = 0x0002; // Start Menu\Programs
const int CSIDL_CONTROLS = 0x0003; // My Computer\Control Panel
const int CSIDL_PRINTERS = 0x0004; // My Computer\Printers
const int CSIDL_PERSONAL = 0x0005; // My Documents
const int CSIDL_FAVORITES = 0x0006; // \Favorites
const int CSIDL_STARTUP = 0x0007; // Start Menu\Programs\Startup
const int CSIDL_RECENT = 0x0008; // \Recent
const int CSIDL_SENDTO = 0x0009; // \SendTo
const int CSIDL_BITBUCKET = 0x000a; // \Recycle Bin
const int CSIDL_STARTMENU = 0x000b; // \Start Menu
const int CSIDL_MYDOCUMENTS = CSIDL_PERSONAL; // Personal was just a silly name for My Documents
const int CSIDL_MYMUSIC = 0x000d; // "My Music" folder
const int CSIDL_MYVIDEO = 0x000e; // "My Videos" folder
const int CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY = 0x0010; // \Desktop
const int CSIDL_DRIVES = 0x0011; // My Computer
const int CSIDL_NETWORK = 0x0012; // Network Neighborhood (My Network Places)
const int CSIDL_NETHOOD = 0x0013; // \nethood
const int CSIDL_FONTS = 0x0014; // windows\fonts
const int CSIDL_TEMPLATES = 0x0015;
const int CSIDL_COMMON_STARTMENU = 0x0016; // All Users\Start Menu
const int CSIDL_COMMON_PROGRAMS = 0x0017; // All Users\Start Menu\Programs
const int CSIDL_COMMON_STARTUP = 0x0018; // All Users\Startup
const int CSIDL_COMMON_DESKTOPDIRECTORY = 0x0019; // All Users\Desktop
const int CSIDL_APPDATA = 0x001a; // \Application Data
const int CSIDL_PRINTHOOD = 0x001b; // \PrintHood
const int CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA = 0x001c; // \Local Settings\Applicaiton Data (non roaming)
const int CSIDL_ALTSTARTUP = 0x001d; // non localized startup
const int CSIDL_COMMON_ALTSTARTUP = 0x001e; // non localized common startup
const int CSIDL_COMMON_FAVORITES = 0x001f;
const int CSIDL_INTERNET_CACHE = 0x0020;
const int CSIDL_COOKIES = 0x0021;
const int CSIDL_HISTORY = 0x0022;
const int CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA = 0x0023; // All Users\Application Data
const int CSIDL_WINDOWS = 0x0024; // GetWindowsDirectory()
const int CSIDL_SYSTEM = 0x0025; // GetSystemDirectory()
const int CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES = 0x0026; // C:\Program Files
const int CSIDL_MYPICTURES = 0x0027; // C:\Program Files\My Pictures
const int CSIDL_PROFILE = 0x0028; // USERPROFILE
const int CSIDL_SYSTEMX86 = 0x0029; // x86 system directory on RISC
const int CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILESX86 = 0x002a; // x86 C:\Program Files on RISC
const int CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMON = 0x002b; // C:\Program Files\Common
const int CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMONX86 = 0x002c; // x86 Program Files\Common on RISC
const int CSIDL_COMMON_TEMPLATES = 0x002d; // All Users\Templates
const int CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS = 0x002e; // All Users\Documents
const int CSIDL_COMMON_ADMINTOOLS = 0x002f; // All Users\Start Menu\Programs\Administrative Tools
const int CSIDL_ADMINTOOLS = 0x0030; // \Start Menu\Programs\Administrative Tools
const int CSIDL_CONNECTIONS = 0x0031; // Network and Dial-up Connections
const int CSIDL_COMMON_MUSIC = 0x0035; // All Users\My Music
const int CSIDL_COMMON_PICTURES = 0x0036; // All Users\My Pictures
const int CSIDL_COMMON_VIDEO = 0x0037; // All Users\My Video
const int CSIDL_RESOURCES = 0x0038; // Resource Direcotry
const int CSIDL_RESOURCES_LOCALIZED = 0x0039; // Localized Resource Direcotry
const int CSIDL_COMMON_OEM_LINKS = 0x003a; // Links to All Users OEM specific apps
const int CSIDL_CDBURN_AREA = 0x003b; // USERPROFILE\Local Settings\Application Data\Microsoft\CD Burning
const int CSIDL_COMPUTERSNEARME = 0x003d; // Computers Near Me (computered from Workgroup membership)
const int CSIDL_FLAG_CREATE = 0x8000; // combine with CSIDL_ value to force folder creation in SHGetFolderPath()
const int CSIDL_FLAG_DONT_VERIFY = 0x4000; // combine with CSIDL_ value to return an unverified folder path
const int CSIDL_FLAG_DONT_UNEXPAND = 0x2000; // combine with CSIDL_ value to avoid unexpanding environment variables
const int CSIDL_FLAG_NO_ALIAS = 0x1000; // combine with CSIDL_ value to insure non-alias versions of the pidl
const int CSIDL_FLAG_PER_USER_INIT = 0x0800; // combine with CSIDL_ value to indicate per-user init (eg. upgrade)

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Get Information about Operating-System(Like its an English operating system or German operating system)

///

/// Get the operating system language.
///

public static void GetOperatingSystemLanguage()
{
ManagementObjectSearcher objectSearcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM " + "Win32_OperatingSystem");
int languageCode = 0;
foreach (ManagementObject managementObject in objectSearcher.Get())
{
//Create the obect of propertydataCollection and get all the properties
PropertyDataCollection searcherProperties = managementObject.Properties;
foreach (PropertyData propertyData in searcherProperties)
{
string osLanguage = propertyData.Name;
if (osLanguage == STRING_OS_LANGUAGE)
{
if (int.TryParse(propertyData.Value.ToString(), out languageCode))
{
//This is English Laguage Code
if (languageCode == 1033)
{
_systemLanguage = OperatingSystemLanguage.English;
break;
}
//This is German Language Code
else if (languageCode == 1031)
{
_systemLanguage = OperatingSystemLanguage.German;
break;
}
}
}
}
break;
}
}



You can get all the hardware and software properties of OperatingSystem using this.like version number, Physicalmemory,Lastbootuptime.You can know even about processor for the whole project you can contact me at saurabhjnumca@gmail.com.

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